Historical Terms and Figures

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abolish

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to stop something from happening or end something

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absolute monarchy

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system of government where one person has absolute control

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audience

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the person or group of people that a message is for

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Baron de Montesquieu

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(1689-1755) French Enlightenment thinker who wrote The Spirit of Laws and believed that to keep one person or group from gaining too much power a government should be separated into three branches: judicial, legislative, and executive.

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Camillo di Cavour

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(1810-1861) a politician and Prime Minister of the Kingdom of Piedmont-Sardinia in Northern Italy and later Prime Minister of Italy who was a leader of the Italian unification movement

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Catherine the Great

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(1729-1796) an enlightened despot who ruled Russia from 1762 to 1796

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Catholic Church

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an organized Christian church led by Pope centered in Rome

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citizen

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a resident of a town or city, especially one entitled to civic privileges such as voting

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clergy

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people who work for a church; In the Catholic Church these include the Pope, bishops, and priests

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Congress of Vienna

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(1815) meeting of representatives from powerful states in Europe to redraw the map of Europe to restore it to pre-Napoleon conditions and to establish a balance of power that will prevent future wars