Passive and Active Transport

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What is passive transport?

Back

Passive transport is the movement of substances across a cell membrane without the use of energy. It relies on the concentration gradient, moving substances from areas of higher concentration to areas of lower concentration.

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What is active transport?

Back

Active transport is the movement of substances across a cell membrane using energy, usually in the form of ATP. It moves substances against their concentration gradient, from areas of lower concentration to areas of higher concentration.

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What is diffusion?

Back

Diffusion is a type of passive transport where molecules move from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration until equilibrium is reached.

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What is osmosis?

Back

Osmosis is the diffusion of water molecules through a selectively permeable membrane from an area of lower solute concentration to an area of higher solute concentration.

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What is facilitated diffusion?

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Facilitated diffusion is a type of passive transport that uses transport proteins to help move substances, such as glucose, across the cell membrane without using energy.

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What is endocytosis?

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Endocytosis is an active transport process where the cell engulfs substances, bringing them into the cell by forming a vesicle.

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What is exocytosis?

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Exocytosis is an active transport process where substances are expelled from the cell by vesicles fusing with the cell membrane.

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What is the sodium-potassium pump?

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The sodium-potassium pump is an active transport mechanism that moves sodium ions out of the cell and potassium ions into the cell, using ATP to maintain the electrochemical gradient.

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What is the difference between passive and active transport?

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The main difference is that passive transport does not require energy and moves substances down their concentration gradient, while active transport requires energy to move substances against their concentration gradient.

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What role do transport proteins play in facilitated diffusion?

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Transport proteins assist in the movement of specific molecules across the cell membrane, allowing substances that cannot directly cross the lipid bilayer to enter or exit the cell.