Cells (1.1, 1.5, 1.2)

Front

What is the endosymbiotic theory?

Back

The endosymbiotic theory suggests that certain organelles, like mitochondria and chloroplasts, originated as free-living prokaryotes that were engulfed by ancestral eukaryotic cells.

Front

What is a key piece of evidence for the endosymbiotic theory?

Back

Mitochondria possess their own DNA, which is similar to bacterial DNA.

Front

What distinguishes prokaryotic cells from eukaryotic cells?

Back

Prokaryotic cells lack a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles, while eukaryotic cells have both.

Front

What is the cell theory?

Back

The cell theory states that all living organisms are composed of cells, and that cells are the basic unit of life.

Front

What is the function of pili in prokaryotic cells?

Back

Pili are hair-like structures that help prokaryotic cells adhere to surfaces and can be involved in the exchange of genetic material.

Front

What is the role of ribosomes in cells?

Back

Ribosomes are the sites of protein synthesis in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.

Front

What is the function of lysosomes in eukaryotic cells?

Back

Lysosomes contain enzymes that break down waste materials and cellular debris.

Front

What is the difference between aerobic and anaerobic respiration?

Back

Aerobic respiration requires oxygen, while anaerobic respiration occurs without oxygen.

Front

What is the significance of the nucleus in eukaryotic cells?

Back

The nucleus houses the cell's genetic material (DNA) and controls cellular activities.

Front

What are the main components of the cell membrane?

Back

The cell membrane is primarily composed of a phospholipid bilayer, proteins, cholesterol, and carbohydrates.