Unit 2.2 Online Review

Front

What is substitution in genetics?

Back

Substitution is a type of mutation where one base in the DNA sequence is replaced by another base, potentially affecting one codon.

Front

What does cell differentiation relate to?

Back

Cell differentiation relates to gene expression in your DNA.

Front

What is the role of mutations in genetic variation?

Back

Mutations increase genetic variation, which helps populations survive in a changing environment.

Front

How do you transcribe DNA to mRNA?

Back

To transcribe DNA to mRNA, replace thymine (T) with uracil (U). For example, TAC CGA ATT transcribes to AUG GCU UAA.

Front

What type of mutation is a frameshift insertion?

Back

A frameshift insertion is a mutation where extra bases are added to the DNA sequence, shifting the reading frame.

Front

What is a codon?

Back

A codon is a sequence of three nucleotides in mRNA that corresponds to a specific amino acid.

Front

What is gene expression?

Back

Gene expression is the process by which information from a gene is used to synthesize a functional gene product, usually a protein.

Front

What is a frameshift mutation?

Back

A frameshift mutation occurs when nucleotides are added or deleted from the DNA sequence, altering the reading frame.

Front

What is a point mutation?

Back

A point mutation is a change in a single nucleotide in the DNA sequence, which can lead to different types of mutations such as silent, missense, or nonsense.

Front

What is a missense mutation?

Back

A missense mutation is a type of point mutation that results in a different amino acid being incorporated into a protein.