Geology - Sedimentary Rocks Term Flashcard

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Parallel layers of sedimentary rock

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Beds (Strata)

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One way in which sedimentary rocks are lithified. As material precipitates from water that percolates through the sediment, open spaces are filled and particles are joined into a solid mass.

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Cementation

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Sedimentary rock consisting of material that was precipitated from water by either inorganic or organic means

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Chemical Sedimentary Rocks

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A sedimentary rock texture consisting of broken fragments of preexisting rock.

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Clastic

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A type of lithification in which the weight of overlying material compresses more deeply buried sediment. It is most important in the fine-grained sedimentary rocks such as shale.

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Compaction

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Rocks that form from the accumulation of materials that originate and are transported as solid particles derived from both mechanical and chemical weathering.

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Detrital Sedimentary Rocks

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A collective term for all the chemical, physical, and biological changes that take place after sediments are deposited and during and after lithification.

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Diagenesis

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A sedimentary rock formed of material deposited from solution by evaporation of water

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Evaporite

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The remains or traces of organisms preserved from the geologic past.

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Fossils

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A term for the texture of sedimentary rocks in which the minerals form a pattern of interlocking crystals.

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Nonclastic