Biology Flashcard

Front

What is a monosaccharide?

Back

A monosaccharide is the simplest form of carbohydrate, consisting of a single sugar molecule. Examples include glucose and fructose.

Front

Which organic molecule is the main structural component of the cell membrane?

Back

Phospholipid is the main structural component of the cell membrane, forming a bilayer that provides structure and regulates the movement of substances.

Front

What is the process of photosynthesis?

Back

Photosynthesis is the process by which green plants, algae, and some bacteria convert light energy into chemical energy in the form of glucose, using carbon dioxide and water.

Front

What is active transport?

Back

Active transport is the movement of particles against a concentration gradient, requiring energy, typically in the form of ATP.

Front

What is the role of glucose in cellular respiration?

Back

Glucose is a primary energy source for cells during cellular respiration, where it is broken down to produce ATP.

Front

Define polysaccharide.

Back

A polysaccharide is a complex carbohydrate composed of long chains of monosaccharide units. Examples include starch, glycogen, and cellulose.

Front

What is the function of proteins in the cell membrane?

Back

Proteins in the cell membrane serve various functions, including transport, acting as channels or carriers, and facilitating communication between cells.

Front

What is the difference between passive and active transport?

Back

Passive transport does not require energy and moves substances down their concentration gradient, while active transport requires energy to move substances against their gradient.

Front

What is the chemical equation for photosynthesis?

Back

The chemical equation for photosynthesis is 6CO2 + 6H2O + light energy → C6H12O6 + 6O2.

Front

What are nucleic acids?

Back

Nucleic acids are biomolecules essential for all forms of life, including DNA and RNA, which store and transmit genetic information.