Atomic Structure (AP Chem 2021)

Front

What is the electromagnetic spectrum?

Back

The electromagnetic spectrum is the range of all types of electromagnetic radiation, which includes radio waves, microwaves, infrared, visible light, ultraviolet, x-rays, and gamma rays, arranged by increasing energy and frequency.

Front

What is the order of the electromagnetic spectrum in increasing energy per photon?

Back

The order is: radio waves, microwaves, infrared, visible light (red to violet), ultraviolet, x-rays, gamma rays.

Front

What does the Aufbau principle state?

Back

The Aufbau principle states that electrons occupy the lowest energy orbitals first before filling higher energy orbitals.

Front

Which sublevel is filled after the 4d sublevel according to the Aufbau principle?

Back

The 5p sublevel is filled after the 4d sublevel.

Front

What is the formula for calculating the energy of an electron in the Bohr model?

Back

The energy of an electron in the Bohr model is given by the formula E = -13.6 eV/n², where n is the principal quantum number.

Front

What is the energy of an electron in the hydrogen atom when n=3?

Back

The energy is -2.42×10^-19 J.

Front

How do you calculate the energy of electromagnetic radiation from its wavelength?

Back

The energy (E) can be calculated using the formula E = hc/λ, where h is Planck's constant (6.63×10^-34 J·s), c is the speed of light (3.00×10^8 m/s), and λ is the wavelength in meters.

Front

What is the longest wavelength of electromagnetic radiation that can cause photoemission from a metal?

Back

The longest wavelength that can cause photoemission is the threshold wavelength, which corresponds to the minimum energy required to eject an electron.

Front

What is the energy of electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength of 300 nm?

Back

The energy is 6.63×10^-19 J.

Front

What is photoelectron spectroscopy?

Back

Photoelectron spectroscopy is a technique used to study the energy levels of electrons in atoms by measuring the kinetic energy of electrons emitted from a material when it is irradiated with ultraviolet or x-ray light.