BIOL 215: Final Review

Front

What ion channel is responsible for the plateau phase in cardiomyocytes?

Back

Ca2+ (Calcium ions) are responsible for the plateau phase in cardiomyocytes.

Front

Where is the partial pressure of oxygen highest in the respiratory system?

Back

The partial pressure of oxygen is highest in the alveoli.

Front

List the following vessels in order from closest to the heart: Capillary, Venule, Artery, Arteriole, Vein.

Back

The correct order is: Artery (3), Arteriole (4), Capillary (1), Venule (2), Vein (5).

Front

True or False: The diaphragm contracts during expiration.

Back

False. The diaphragm relaxes during expiration.

Front

What effect does decreased ADH production have on the permeability of water in the collecting ducts?

Back

Decreased ADH production decreases permeability to water in the collecting ducts.

Front

What is the primary function of the diaphragm in respiration?

Back

The diaphragm contracts to increase the volume of the thoracic cavity, allowing air to flow into the lungs.

Front

Define cardiomyocytes.

Back

Cardiomyocytes are the muscle cells of the heart responsible for contraction and pumping blood.

Front

What is the role of the sodium/potassium pump in cardiac cells?

Back

The sodium/potassium pump helps maintain the resting membrane potential and ion balance in cardiac cells.

Front

Explain the significance of the alveoli in gas exchange.

Back

Alveoli are tiny air sacs in the lungs where the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide occurs.

Front

What is the pathway of blood flow starting from the heart to the capillaries?

Back

The pathway is: Heart -> Artery -> Arteriole -> Capillary.