French and Indian War

A conflict between France and Britain from 1754 to 1763, part of a larger imperial war known as the Seven Years' War.

Proclamation Line of 1763

A British decree forbidding American colonists from settling west of the Appalachian Mountains.

A 1765 British law that taxed printed materials in the American colonies, sparking widespread protest.

A 1773 protest by American colonists against British taxation, where they dumped tea into Boston Harbor.

A pamphlet by Thomas Paine advocating independence from Britain to the people of the Thirteen Colonies.

The first President of the United States and a key leader during the American Revolutionary War.

The site of the final major battle of the American Revolutionary War in 1781, leading to British surrender.

The agreement that officially ended the American Revolutionary War and recognized American independence.

Articles of Confederation

The first constitution of the United States, in effect from 1781 to 1789, which created a weak central government.

Northwest Ordinance 1787

A law that established a procedure for the admission of new states to the Union from the Northwest Territory.

Land Ordinance of 1785

A policy for surveying and selling western lands in the United States, dividing them into townships.

An armed uprising in 1786-1787 by Massachusetts farmers protesting economic injustices and lack of government response.

The imposition of taxes by a government authority.

Constitutional Convention

The 1787 meeting in Philadelphia where the United States Constitution was drafted.

A proposal for a bicameral legislative branch with representation based on population, presented at the Constitutional Convention.

A proposal for a unicameral legislature with equal representation for each state, presented at the Constitutional Convention.

The agreement during the Constitutional Convention that established a two-house legislature, combining the Virginia and New Jersey Plans.

A constitutional agreement that counted each enslaved person as three-fifths of a person for representation and taxation purposes.

A principle of governance in which the powers of government are divided among separate branches.

A system that ensures no one branch of government becomes too powerful by allowing each branch to limit the powers of the others.

A provision in the U.S. Constitution granting Congress the power to pass all laws necessary and proper for carrying out its duties.

The first ten amendments to the United States Constitution, guaranteeing individual liberties and rights.

A supporter of the proposed U.S. Constitution, favoring a strong national government.

An opponent of the proposed U.S. Constitution, favoring stronger state governments and fearing a too-powerful national government.

A Founding Father, first Secretary of the Treasury, and a key author of the Federalist Papers.

The third President of the United States and principal author of the Declaration of Independence.

George Washington’s Farewell Address

A letter by George Washington advising the United States to avoid political parties and foreign alliances.

A bank chartered by the federal government, part of Alexander Hamilton's financial plan to stabilize the American economy.

A significant U.S. presidential election that resulted in the first peaceful transfer of power between political parties.

The second President of the United States and a key figure in the American Revolution.

Alien and Sedition Acts

Laws passed in 1798 that allowed the government to imprison or deport non-citizens and criminalize criticism of the government.

Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions

Statements authored by Jefferson and Madison arguing that states could nullify federal laws deemed unconstitutional.

The fourth Chief Justice of the United States, known for establishing the principles of American constitutional law.

The power of the courts to declare laws unconstitutional, established by the case Marbury v. Madison.

A landmark Supreme Court case in 1803 that established the principle of judicial review.

The 1803 acquisition of French territory by the United States, doubling the size of the nation.

McCullough vs. Maryland

An 1819 Supreme Court case that established federal supremacy over state law and upheld the constitutionality of the national bank.

A landmark Supreme Court case that established the federal government's power to regulate interstate commerce.

Known as the "Father of the Constitution" and the fourth President of the United States.

Protects freedoms of speech, religion, press, assembly, and petition.

Protects the right to keep and bear arms.

Prohibits the quartering of soldiers in private homes without the owner's consent in peacetime.

Protects against unreasonable searches and seizures.

Provides the right to due process and protects against self-incrimination and double jeopardy.

US 10 Study Guide Flashcards

Student preview

56 questions

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1.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

Columbus Voyage

Back

The journey led by Christopher Columbus in 1492, marking the beginning of European exploration in the Americas.

2.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

Conquistadors

Back

Spanish explorers and warriors who conquered territories in the Americas during the 16th century.

3.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

Three G’s

Back

Gold, Glory, and God; motivations for European exploration and colonization.

4.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

Jamestown

Back

The first permanent English settlement in North America, established in 1607 in Virginia.

5.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

House of Burgesses

Back

The first legislative assembly of elected representatives in North America, established in Virginia in 1619.

6.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

Enlightenment

Back

An intellectual movement in the 17th and 18th centuries emphasizing reason, individualism, and skepticism of traditional doctrines.

7.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

Mercantilism

Back

An economic policy that promotes governmental regulation of a nation's economy for augmenting state power.

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