Civil War/Reconstruction

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President Lincoln's wartime action in 1861 so anti-Unionists could be arrested without right to a trial allowing Lincoln to conduct the war against the Confederacy without more conflict

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suspension of the writ of habeas corpus

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This was issued by President Lincoln, January 1, 1863, freeing all slaves in areas in rebellion against the Union

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Emancipation Proclamation

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A speech given by Abraham Lincoln in November 1863, in which he praised the bravery of Union soldiers and renewed his commitment to winning the Civil War; supported the ideals of self-government and equality

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Gettysburg Address

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The period after the Civil War between 1865 and 1877 when the southern states were reorganized and reintegrated into the United States of America

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Reconstruction

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Amendment to the U.S. Constitution that was ratified in 1865 which outlawed slavery and involuntary servitude, except as punishment for a crime

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13th Amendment

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Amendments ratified in 1868 which granted citizenship to any person born or naturalized in the United States

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14th Amendment

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Amendment that was ratified in 1870 which granted black males suffrage (the right to vote)

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15th Amendment

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A hate group established in 1865 in an effort to restore white supremacy through intimidation and violence aimed at the newly enfranchised freedmen jeopardizing newly granted rights to freedmen

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Ku Klux Klan

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Agency set up by Congress to provide freedmen with shelter, food, and medicinal aid and to help them set up schools and find work. The Bureau was dissolved in 1872 with due to limited funding/success.

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Freedmen's Bureau

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A system of agriculture in which a landowner allows a tenant to use the land in return for a share of the crop produced on the land. Kept tenant farmers poor and tied to the land they were once enslaved to.

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Sharecropping