Biology Chapter 4 Questions

Front

What is the significance of double bonds in carbon skeletons?

Back

Double bonds in carbon skeletons add molecular complexity and diversity that characterize living matter.

Front

Which functional group is absent in certain organic molecules?

Back

Sulfhydryl functional group.

Front

What is the bond angle of a tetrahedral carbon atom?

Back

109.5°.

Front

What is a carbonyl functional group in the form of an aldehyde?

Back

A carbonyl functional group is characterized by a carbon atom double-bonded to an oxygen atom, with at least one hydrogen atom attached to the carbon.

Front

What causes differences among organisms?

Back

Differences among organisms are caused by differences in the types and relative amounts of organic molecules synthesized by each organism.

Front

Define carbon skeleton.

Back

A carbon skeleton is the chain of carbon atoms that forms the backbone of organic molecules.

Front

What is the role of functional groups in organic molecules?

Back

Functional groups determine the chemical properties and reactivity of organic molecules.

Front

What is the difference between saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons?

Back

Saturated hydrocarbons have only single bonds between carbon atoms, while unsaturated hydrocarbons contain one or more double or triple bonds.

Front

What is an example of a molecule with a hydroxyl group?

Back

Ethanol (C2H5OH) is an example of a molecule with a hydroxyl group.

Front

What is the general formula for alkanes?

Back

The general formula for alkanes is CnH2n+2.