DNA and Mitosis Knowledge Flashcard

Front

What are the four nitrogenous bases found in DNA?

Back

Adenine, Thymine, Cytosine, Guanine.

Front

Which nitrogenous base is NOT found in DNA?

Back

Uracil.

Front

What is the primary function of the sequence of nitrogenous bases in DNA?

Back

Providing instructions for the traits of an organism.

Front

What phase of mitosis involves the splitting of the centromere and separation of sister chromatids?

Back

Anaphase.

Front

What is the sugar-phosphate backbone of DNA made of?

Back

Alternating sugar (deoxyribose) and phosphate groups.

Front

What is the role of DNA replication?

Back

To produce two identical copies of DNA for cell division.

Front

What is a gene?

Back

A segment of DNA that contains the instructions for building a specific protein.

Front

What is the difference between DNA and RNA?

Back

DNA is double-stranded and contains thymine, while RNA is single-stranded and contains uracil.

Front

What is the process of transcription?

Back

The process of copying a segment of DNA into RNA.

Front

What is the role of ribosomes in protein synthesis?

Back

Ribosomes read mRNA and assemble amino acids into proteins.