Mendelian Genetics

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What is Mendelian Genetics?

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Mendelian Genetics is the study of how traits are inherited through generations, based on the principles established by Gregor Mendel.

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What does it mean for a gene to be dominant?

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A dominant gene is one that expresses its trait even when only one copy is present in the genotype.

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What does it mean for a gene to be recessive?

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A recessive gene only expresses its trait when two copies are present in the genotype.

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What is a genotype?

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The genotype is the allele/genetic makeup of an organism.

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What is a phenotype?

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The phenotype is the physical expression or characteristics of a trait in an organism.

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What is codominance?

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Codominance is a genetic scenario where both alleles in a heterozygous genotype are fully expressed, resulting in a phenotype that shows both traits.

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What is incomplete dominance?

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Incomplete dominance is a genetic scenario where the phenotype of a heterozygote is intermediate between the phenotypes of the two homozygotes.

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What is a homozygous genotype?

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A homozygous genotype has two identical alleles for a trait, either dominant (e.g., RR) or recessive (e.g., rr).

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What is a heterozygous genotype?

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A heterozygous genotype has two different alleles for a trait (e.g., Rr).

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What is a Punnett square?

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A Punnett square is a diagram used to predict the outcome of a genetic cross by showing the possible combinations of alleles.