Physiologic Adaptation NCLEX Flashcard

Front

What is hypernatremia?

Back

Hypernatremia is a condition characterized by a relative deficit of body water in relation to total body sodium, leading to dehydration and neurological symptoms.

Front

What causes hypernatremia?

Back

Hypernatremia is caused by a relative deficit of body water in relation to total body sodium.

Front

What are the symptoms of hypernatremia?

Back

Symptoms include dehydration and neurological symptoms such as confusion, seizures, and coma.

Front

What physiologic adaptation occurs in the gastrointestinal system during prolonged fasting?

Back

During prolonged fasting, there is a decrease in motility and secretion in the gastrointestinal system.

Front

What are the common alterations in the cardiovascular system due to physiologic adaptation?

Back

Common alterations include increased heart rate, increased stroke volume, and vasodilation of blood vessels.

Front

What is the management for common medical emergencies related to physiologic adaptation?

Back

Management includes immediate medical intervention, such as administering medications, performing CPR, and providing oxygen support.

Front

What are the treatment options for severe hypokalemia?

Back

Treatment options may include intravenous potassium replacement, oral potassium supplements, and addressing the underlying cause of the hypokalemia.

Front

What is the impact of prolonged fasting on nutrient absorption?

Back

Prolonged fasting leads to a decrease in motility and secretion, which can affect nutrient absorption.

Front

How does the body respond to dehydration?

Back

The body responds to dehydration by conserving water, increasing thirst, and releasing hormones like aldosterone.

Front

What role does sodium play in the body?

Back

Sodium is essential for maintaining fluid balance, nerve function, and muscle contraction.