Rocks, Minerals and Weathering Review

Front

What is erosion?

Back

Erosion is the process by which soil and rock are removed from the Earth's surface by natural processes such as wind or water flow, and then transported to another location.

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What type of rock is formed by heat and pressure?

Back

Metamorphic rock is formed when existing rocks are subjected to high heat and pressure, causing physical and chemical changes.

Front

What are the characteristics of metamorphic rocks?

Back

Metamorphic rocks often have wavy bands or foliation, which is a result of the alignment of minerals under pressure.

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What is the Mohs Hardness Scale?

Back

The Mohs Hardness Scale is a scale that ranks minerals based on their ability to scratch one another, ranging from 1 (talc) to 10 (diamond).

Front

If a mineral has a hardness of 7, what can it scratch?

Back

A mineral with a hardness of 7 can scratch gypsum (hardness 2) but cannot scratch corundum (hardness 9).

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How do you test the hardness of a mineral?

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The hardness of a mineral is tested using the Scratch Test, where the mineral is scratched against a material of known hardness.

Front

What is deposition in geology?

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Deposition is the geological process where materials are added to a landform or land mass, often occurring after erosion has transported the materials.

Front

What is the difference between sedimentary and metamorphic rocks?

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Sedimentary rocks are formed from the accumulation of sediment, while metamorphic rocks are formed from existing rocks that have been transformed by heat and pressure.

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What is an example of a sedimentary rock?

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An example of a sedimentary rock is sandstone, which is formed from compacted sand particles.

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What is an example of a metamorphic rock?

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An example of a metamorphic rock is schist, which is formed from the metamorphism of shale.