Unit 2 Test -Bone Physiology Figures

Front

What is a long bone?

Back

A long bone is a type of bone that is longer than it is wide, typically found in the limbs, such as the femur and humerus.

Front

What is the diaphysis of a long bone?

Back

The diaphysis is the long, tubular shaft of a long bone, which is primarily composed of compact bone and contains the medullary cavity.

Front

What is yellow marrow?

Back

Yellow marrow is a type of bone marrow that is primarily made up of fat cells and is found in the medullary cavity of long bones.

Front

What is the epiphysis of a long bone?

Back

The epiphysis is the end part of a long bone, which is typically filled with spongy bone and red marrow.

Front

What is spongy bone?

Back

Spongy bone, also known as cancellous bone, is a type of bone that has a porous structure and is found at the ends of long bones and in the interior of others.

Front

What is the periosteum?

Back

The periosteum is a dense layer of vascular connective tissue that covers the outer surface of bones, except at the surfaces of the joints.

Front

What is the endosteum?

Back

The endosteum is a thin membrane that lines the medullary cavity of bones and contains osteoblasts and osteoclasts.

Front

What is the medullary cavity?

Back

The medullary cavity is the central cavity of bone shafts where yellow marrow is stored.

Front

What is the role of osteons in compact bone?

Back

Osteons, or Haversian systems, are the structural units of compact bone, consisting of concentric layers of calcified matrix surrounding a central canal.

Front

What is the function of red marrow?

Back

Red marrow is responsible for the production of blood cells, including red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets.