2024-2025 Unit 2: Frequently Missed Retake Scenarios

Front

What is active transport?

Back

Active transport is the movement of molecules across a cell membrane from a region of lower concentration to a region of higher concentration, requiring energy (ATP).

Front

What is passive transport?

Back

Passive transport is the movement of molecules across a cell membrane without the use of energy, typically from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration.

Front

Define diffusion.

Back

Diffusion is the process by which molecules spread from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration until equilibrium is reached.

Front

What is the role of transport proteins in cells?

Back

Transport proteins facilitate the movement of large or polar molecules across the phospholipid bilayer of cell membranes.

Front

What is the significance of hydrogen bonding in water?

Back

Hydrogen bonding in water molecules leads to unique properties such as high surface tension, specific heat, and the formation of ice with a lower density than liquid water.

Front

What is spontaneous generation?

Back

Spontaneous generation is the discredited theory that living organisms can arise from non-living matter.

Front

What experiment disproved spontaneous generation?

Back

The experiment by Louis Pasteur using swan-neck flasks demonstrated that microorganisms come from preexisting microorganisms, not from spontaneous generation.

Front

What is the phospholipid bilayer?

Back

The phospholipid bilayer is a double layer of phospholipids that makes up the cell membrane, providing a barrier to the passage of ions and molecules.

Front

What is equilibrium in the context of molecular transport?

Back

Equilibrium is the state in which the concentration of molecules is equal throughout a space, resulting in no net movement of molecules.

Front

What is the difference between high and low concentration?

Back

High concentration refers to a large number of molecules in a given volume, while low concentration refers to a smaller number of molecules in the same volume.