Heart Anatomy and Function Flashcard

Front

What does ESV stand for?

Back

End Systolic Volume: The volume of blood remaining in a ventricle at the end of contraction.

Front

Which nerve is involved in the parasympathetic regulation of heart rate?

Back

Vagus nerve: The primary nerve responsible for decreasing heart rate through parasympathetic stimulation.

Front

During which phase are the semilunar valves open?

Back

Ventricular systole: The phase of the cardiac cycle when the ventricles contract and blood is ejected into the arteries.

Front

How long does the T wave last?

Back

~0.16 sec: The duration of the T wave in an electrocardiogram, representing ventricular repolarization.

Front

What happens to blood in the lungs?

Back

It unloads CO₂ and loads O₂: Blood releases carbon dioxide and absorbs oxygen during gas exchange in the lungs.

Front

What is the function of the aorta?

Back

The aorta is the largest artery in the body, responsible for carrying oxygenated blood from the heart to the rest of the body.

Front

What is cardiac output?

Back

Cardiac output is the volume of blood the heart pumps per minute, calculated as heart rate multiplied by stroke volume.

Front

What is the role of the sinoatrial (SA) node?

Back

The SA node is the heart's natural pacemaker, initiating electrical impulses that regulate heartbeats.

Front

What is the difference between systole and diastole?

Back

Systole is the phase of contraction of the heart muscles, while diastole is the phase of relaxation.

Front

What is stroke volume?

Back

Stroke volume is the amount of blood ejected by the left ventricle during each contraction.