Entropy and Thermodynamics Flashcard

Front

What happens when a voltaic cell reaches equilibrium?

Back

Ecell = 0

Front

Which process results in an increase in entropy?

Back

Dissolution of salt in water

Front

Identify the oxidizing agent in a reaction occurring in basic solution: Zn(s), NO₃⁻ (aq), OH⁻ (aq), H₂O(l), NH₃(aq).

Back

NO₃⁻ (aq) (the nitrogen)

Front

What is the oxidation number of chromium in ammonium dichromate, (NH₄)₂Cr₂O₇?

Back

+6

Front

Which statement does not characterize an oxidizing agent?

Back

An example of a good oxidizing agent is an alkali metal, such as Na.

Front

Define entropy in the context of thermodynamics.

Back

Entropy is a measure of the disorder or randomness in a system.

Front

What is the second law of thermodynamics?

Back

The total entropy of an isolated system can never decrease over time.

Front

Explain the concept of Gibbs free energy.

Back

Gibbs free energy is a thermodynamic potential that measures the maximum reversible work obtainable from a system at constant temperature and pressure.

Front

What is the relationship between enthalpy and entropy in spontaneous processes?

Back

For a process to be spontaneous, the change in Gibbs free energy (ΔG) must be negative, which can occur if the increase in entropy (ΔS) outweighs the enthalpy change (ΔH) at a given temperature.

Front

What is an endothermic reaction?

Back

An endothermic reaction is a chemical reaction that absorbs heat from its surroundings.