Observational study or experiment

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What is an observational study?

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An observational study is a research method where the researcher observes and records behavior or outcomes without manipulating any variables. It aims to identify correlations or patterns.

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What is an experiment?

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An experiment is a research method where the researcher manipulates one or more variables to determine their effect on a dependent variable, allowing for cause-and-effect conclusions.

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What is the main difference between an observational study and an experiment?

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The main difference is that in an observational study, the researcher does not intervene or manipulate variables, while in an experiment, the researcher actively manipulates variables to observe outcomes.

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What is random assignment in experiments?

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Random assignment is the process of randomly allocating participants to different groups in an experiment to ensure that each group is similar and that the results are not biased.

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What is a control group?

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A control group is a group in an experiment that does not receive the treatment or intervention being tested, serving as a baseline to compare the effects of the treatment.

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What is a treatment group?

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A treatment group is a group in an experiment that receives the treatment or intervention being tested, allowing researchers to observe the effects of the treatment.

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What does it mean to have a sample size?

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Sample size refers to the number of participants included in a study. A larger sample size can lead to more reliable and generalizable results.

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What is a variable in research?

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A variable is any factor, trait, or condition that can exist in differing amounts or types and can be measured or manipulated in a study.

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What is a dependent variable?

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A dependent variable is the outcome or response that is measured in an experiment to see if it is affected by changes in the independent variable.

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What is an independent variable?

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An independent variable is the factor that is manipulated or changed in an experiment to observe its effect on the dependent variable.