Photosynthesis

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What is photosynthesis?

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Photosynthesis is the process by which green plants, algae, and some bacteria convert light energy, usually from the sun, into chemical energy in the form of glucose, using carbon dioxide and water.

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What are the main products of photosynthesis?

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The main products of photosynthesis are glucose (a sugar) and oxygen.

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What role do chloroplasts play in photosynthesis?

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Chloroplasts are the organelles in plant cells where photosynthesis occurs, converting light energy into chemical energy.

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What is the significance of the stroma in chloroplasts?

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The stroma is the fluid-filled space in chloroplasts where the Calvin cycle takes place, synthesizing glucose from carbon dioxide.

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What are thylakoids?

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Thylakoids are membrane-bound structures within chloroplasts that contain chlorophyll and are the site of the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis.

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What is the light-dependent reaction?

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The light-dependent reactions are the first stage of photosynthesis, occurring in the thylakoids, where sunlight is converted into chemical energy in the form of ATP and NADPH.

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What is the Calvin cycle?

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The Calvin cycle is the second stage of photosynthesis, occurring in the stroma, where ATP and NADPH are used to convert carbon dioxide into glucose.

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How does temperature affect photosynthesis?

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Photosynthesis generally increases with temperature up to a certain point, after which it can decrease if temperatures become too high.

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What is a photosystem?

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A photosystem is a cluster of pigment molecules in the thylakoid membranes that absorb light and transfer energy to electrons during the light-dependent reactions.

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What is the role of chlorophyll in photosynthesis?

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Chlorophyll is the green pigment in plants that absorbs light energy, primarily in the blue and red wavelengths, and is essential for photosynthesis.