Types of Sampling

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What is a Stratified Sample?

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A sampling method where the population is divided into subgroups (strata) and random samples are taken from each stratum. This ensures representation from all segments of the population.

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What is a Systematic Sample?

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A sampling method where you select every nth individual from a list or sequence. For example, choosing every 6th student from an alphabetical list.

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What is a Voluntary Sample?

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A sampling method where individuals choose to participate in the survey or study, often leading to self-selection bias.

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What is a Convenience Sample?

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A sampling method where samples are taken from a group that is easily accessible, rather than randomly selected from the entire population.

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What is a Cluster Sample?

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A sampling method where the population is divided into clusters (often geographically), and entire clusters are randomly selected for the sample.

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Example of a Stratified Sample.

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Randomly selecting two students from each classroom to represent the entire school.

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Example of a Systematic Sample.

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Listing all students alphabetically and choosing every 10th student.

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Example of a Voluntary Sample.

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Mailing questionnaires and using only the ones that are returned.

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Example of a Convenience Sample.

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Surveying students in one computer science class to determine internet access methods.

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Example of a Cluster Sample.

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Randomly selecting one neighborhood block and surveying all residents in that block.