Lumbar, Sacrum/Coccyx, SI Joints

Front

How many bones of the vertebral column does an adult have?

Back

26

Answer explanation

Adult has 26 bones

-7 cervical, 12 thoracic, 5 lumbar, 1 sacrum, 1 coccyx

Children have 33 bones

-the sacrum and coccyx develop separately and then fuse into 2 separate bones as an adult. As a child there are 5 sacral bones and 4 coccyx bones

Front

Is lordosis the normal curvature of the spine?

Back

False

Answer explanation

Lordotic is the normal curvature of the spine (lumbar region)

Lordosis in the abnormal or exaggarted curvature of the lumbar spine. An increased concavity is called a swayback.

Front

Kyphotic is the normal curvature of the thoracic spine

Back

True

Answer explanation

Kyphotic refers to the normal convex curvature of the spine and specifically the thoracic spine.

Kyphosis is the abnormal or increased convexity of the spine that occurs in the thoracic region. Kyphosis is generally term "hunchback"

Front

Exaggerate lateral curvature of the spine is called

Back

scoliosis

Answer explanation

Exaggerated lateral curvature is called scoliosis

Dextroscolios refers to the spine curving to the right

Levoscoliosis refers to the spine curving to the right. The type of scoliosis has a more pronounced S-shape and can cause deformity to the entire thoracic and/or lumbar region

Front

The strongest bones that make up our spine

Back

lumbar

Answer explanation

The lumbar bodies are the strongest bones of the spine because they bare our body weight. The lumbar bodies increase in size as we move more inferior. L5 is bigger than L1

Front

Intervertebral foramina are viewed best in which projection?

Back

Lateral

Answer explanation

Intervertebral foramina is a hole between the body and the vertebral arch. It is formed by the superior and inferior notch and houses the spinal cord. When stacked the notches line up and are viewed best in a LATERAL view.

Front

Zygaphophyseal Joints are best seen in an oblique view of the lumbar region and are considered what type of joint?

Back

Plane/gliding

Answer explanation

Zyg. Joints are synovial and diarthrodial which means there are freely moveable and are a plane/gliding type of movement.

Without the interverbral disks and the zyg. joints the vertebral column would be rigid or immovable. I would review the joint classifications of the vertebral column in Bontrager Pg. 295 & 330

Front

If my patient is unable to lay on their back due to pain. The LAO position will demonstrate the same as an LPO position.

Back

False

Answer explanation

If your patient is in too much pain. They may lay on their stomach. The LAO position would show the same as an RPO position. You would be viewing the Right Zyg. Joint.

In turn, the RAO position would show the same as the LPO position and would view the Left Zyg. Joint

Be familiar with this fact. It will happen more than you think!

LPO=RAO

RPO=LAO

Front

Pars interarticularus is best demonstrated in which view?

Back

Oblique

Answer explanation

Pars interarticularus is made of part of the lamina and is between the superior and inferior articular process. It is best viewed in a 45 degree oblique view and is the nck of the scotty dog.

Front

What is the nose of the scotty dog? Options: pedicle, lamina, transverse process, superior articular process

Back

transverse process

Answer explanation

YOU WILL NEED TO KNOW THIS FOR THE EXAM

Nose is the transverse process

Neck is the pars interarticularis

Ear is the superior articular process

Eye is the pedicle

Front leg are one inferior articular process

The zygapophyseal joint is formed by the front leg of the Scotty above and the Ear of the Scotty below