Standard deviation and Variance

Front

What is standard deviation?

Back

A measure of the amount of variation or dispersion in a set of values.

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What does a low standard deviation indicate?

Back

That the data points tend to be close to the mean, indicating less variability.

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What does a high standard deviation indicate?

Back

That the data points are spread out over a wider range of values, indicating more variability.

Front

What is variance?

Back

The average of the squared differences from the mean, representing the degree of spread in a data set.

Front

How is variance related to standard deviation?

Back

Standard deviation is the square root of variance.

Front

What is the formula for calculating variance?

Back

Variance (σ²) = Σ (xi - μ)² / N, where xi is each value, μ is the mean, and N is the number of values.

Front

What is the empirical rule in statistics?

Back

In a normal distribution, approximately 68% of the data falls within one standard deviation of the mean, 95% within two, and 99.7% within three.

Front

What is the median?

Back

The middle value in a data set when the numbers are arranged in order.

Front

What is the mode?

Back

The value that appears most frequently in a data set.

Front

What is a box plot?

Back

A graphical representation of data that shows the distribution through quartiles.