Macromolecules and Enzymes

Front

What are macromolecules?

Back

Large, complex molecules essential for life, including carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids.

Front

What is the primary function of phospholipids?

Back

To make up cell membranes, forming a bilayer that separates the interior of the cell from the outside environment.

Front

What is a sugar in the context of macromolecules?

Back

A carbohydrate that serves as a primary energy source and structural component in cells.

Front

What does it mean for a molecule to be nonpolar?

Back

It does not dissolve in water, meaning it is hydrophobic.

Front

What role do proteins play in biological reactions?

Back

Proteins act as enzymes, which are biological catalysts that speed up chemical reactions in cells.

Front

What distinguishes unsaturated fatty acids from saturated fatty acids?

Back

Unsaturated fatty acids contain one or more double bonds between carbon atoms, while saturated fatty acids have no double bonds.

Front

What is the structure of a nucleotide?

Back

A nucleotide consists of a phosphate group, a sugar, and a nitrogenous base.

Front

What is the function of enzymes in biological systems?

Back

Enzymes lower the activation energy of reactions, allowing them to occur more easily and quickly.

Front

What are the building blocks of proteins?

Back

Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins.

Front

What is the difference between a catalyst and an enzyme?

Back

An enzyme is a specific type of catalyst that speeds up biological reactions.