AP Biology Unit 2 Review

Front

What happens to a cell placed in a hypotonic solution?

Back

The cell will swell due to the influx of water.

Front

How does the surface area to volume (SA:V) ratio change as a cell increases in size?

Back

The SA:V ratio decreases as the cell gets larger.

Front

What cell size is most efficient for waste movement?

Back

A cell size of 10 micrometers is most efficient for moving waste.

Front

What is the function of ribosomes in a cell?

Back

Ribosomes are responsible for synthesizing proteins.

Front

What are the components of a phospholipid?

Back

A phospholipid is composed of a phosphate and glycerol head and two fatty acid chain tails.

Front

Define osmosis in the context of cell biology.

Back

Osmosis is the movement of water across a selectively permeable membrane from an area of lower solute concentration to an area of higher solute concentration.

Front

What is the significance of the SA:V ratio in cells?

Back

A higher SA:V ratio allows for more efficient exchange of materials (nutrients and waste) with the environment.

Front

What role do proteins play in cellular functions?

Back

Proteins perform a variety of functions including catalyzing biochemical reactions, providing structural support, and facilitating communication between cells.

Front

Explain the structure of the cell membrane.

Back

The cell membrane is composed of a phospholipid bilayer with embedded proteins, cholesterol, and carbohydrates, which help regulate what enters and exits the cell.

Front

What is the primary function of the cell's cytoplasm?

Back

The cytoplasm is the gel-like substance that fills the cell and contains organelles, facilitating cellular processes.