23 Protein Synthesis Review

Front

What is the complementary mRNA sequence for the DNA strand GTA GTC?

Back

CAU CAG

Front

What does the structure labeled 1 in a protein synthesis diagram represent?

Back

An elongating chain of amino acids.

Front

What is the process of converting DNA to mRNA called?

Back

Transcription.

Front

What is the amino acid sequence for the mRNA code AUGCCAGUAUGA?

Back

Met-Pro-Val.

Front

What is the function of a ribosome in protein synthesis?

Back

It serves as the site for translation, where mRNA is translated into an amino acid sequence.

Front

What are the building blocks of proteins?

Back

Amino acids.

Front

What is the role of tRNA in protein synthesis?

Back

tRNA transports amino acids to the ribosome and matches them to the mRNA codons.

Front

What is a codon?

Back

A sequence of three nucleotides in mRNA that codes for a specific amino acid.

Front

What is the significance of the start codon AUG?

Back

It signals the beginning of translation and codes for the amino acid Methionine.

Front

What is the difference between transcription and translation?

Back

Transcription is the process of synthesizing mRNA from DNA, while translation is the process of synthesizing proteins from mRNA.