Chapter 4 Review Warm-up

Front

What are lurking (confounding) variables in an experiment?

Back

Lurking (confounding) variables are factors that are not controlled in an experiment but may influence the outcome, potentially leading to incorrect conclusions.

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What is a census in research?

Back

A census is an experimental method that involves studying every member of the population of interest.

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What is the data collection method used when participants are assigned to different groups and observed?

Back

The data collection method is called an experiment.

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What type of experimental design involves randomly assigning subjects to different treatment groups?

Back

The type of design is called completely randomized design.

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What are the principles of a well-designed study?

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The principles include randomization, control, replication, and blinding.

Front

Why is randomization important in experiments?

Back

Randomization helps eliminate bias and ensures that the treatment groups are comparable.

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What is the purpose of a control group in an experiment?

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The control group serves as a baseline to compare the effects of the treatment.

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What is the difference between an observational study and an experimental study?

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An observational study observes subjects without manipulation, while an experimental study involves intervention and manipulation of variables.

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What is the significance of replication in research studies?

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Replication increases the reliability of results by ensuring that findings are consistent across multiple trials.

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What does blinding mean in the context of experiments?

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Blinding refers to keeping study participants or researchers unaware of which treatment is being administered to prevent bias.