IB Bio 2.5 Enzymes

Front

What does the lock-and-key model of enzyme action suggest?

Back

The lock-and-key model suggests that one enzyme binds to one specific substrate both structurally and chemically.

Front

What is a common method of using enzymes in industry?

Back

Enzymes used in industry are commonly immobilized.

Front

What is the term for the specific region on an enzyme where the substrate binds?

Back

The region on the surface of the enzyme that the substrate binds to is called the active site.

Front

What is the role of enzymes in biochemical reactions?

Back

Enzymes act as catalysts to speed up biochemical reactions without being consumed in the process.

Front

How do temperature and pH affect enzyme activity?

Back

Enzymes have optimal temperature and pH ranges; deviations can lead to decreased activity or denaturation.

Front

What is enzyme specificity?

Back

Enzyme specificity refers to the ability of an enzyme to select and catalyze a specific substrate.

Front

What is the difference between competitive and non-competitive inhibition?

Back

Competitive inhibition occurs when an inhibitor competes with the substrate for the active site, while non-competitive inhibition occurs when an inhibitor binds to a different site, altering enzyme function.

Front

What is the significance of enzyme concentration in a reaction?

Back

Increasing enzyme concentration generally increases the rate of reaction, provided substrate is available.

Front

What is a cofactor in enzyme activity?

Back

A cofactor is a non-protein molecule that assists enzymes in catalyzing reactions, often by stabilizing the enzyme-substrate complex.

Front

What is the effect of substrate concentration on enzyme activity?

Back

Increasing substrate concentration increases the rate of reaction until the enzyme becomes saturated.