Respiratory System

Front

What are the primary functions of the respiratory system?

Back

The primary functions of the respiratory system are to facilitate gas exchange (oxygen and carbon dioxide) between the body and the environment, regulate blood pH, and assist in vocalization.

Front

What structures are included in the upper respiratory tract?

Back

The upper respiratory tract includes the nose, nasal cavity, sinuses, and pharynx.

Front

What is the role of the diaphragm in respiration?

Back

The diaphragm contracts and flattens to increase the volume of the thoracic cavity, allowing air to be drawn into the lungs.

Front

What is the function of the intercostal muscles during breathing?

Back

The intercostal muscles contract to elevate the rib cage, increasing the volume of the thoracic cavity and aiding in inhalation.

Front

What is the pathway of air from the nose to the lungs?

Back

Air enters through the nose or mouth, travels through the pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, and finally reaches the alveoli in the lungs.

Front

What is the significance of the alveoli in the respiratory system?

Back

Alveoli are tiny air sacs in the lungs where gas exchange occurs; oxygen is absorbed into the blood, and carbon dioxide is released.

Front

What gas is primarily transported by red blood cells?

Back

Oxygen is primarily transported by red blood cells, bound to hemoglobin.

Front

What is the role of the trachea in the respiratory system?

Back

The trachea, or windpipe, serves as the main airway that conducts air to and from the lungs.

Front

How does the body regulate breathing rate?

Back

Breathing rate is regulated by the respiratory center in the brain, which responds to levels of carbon dioxide and oxygen in the blood.

Front

What is the difference between inhalation and exhalation?

Back

Inhalation is the process of taking air into the lungs, while exhalation is the process of expelling air from the lungs.