UNIT 4: QUIZ #2: Cell Energy

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Carotenoid

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Red, orange, or yellow pigments that help in photosynthesis.

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Photosystem

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Group of pigments and proteins in chloroplasts that capture light energy.

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Primary Electron Acceptor

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Molecule in chloroplasts that accepts high-energy electrons.

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Electron Transport Chain

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Series of molecules found in the mitochondria and chloroplasts that move electrons to make energy.

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Calvin Cycle

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Part of photosynthesis where CO₂ is turned into glucose using ATP energy.

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Carbon Fixation

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Process of converting CO₂ into organic compounds, like in photosynthesis.

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Stomata (singular: stoma)

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Tiny openings on leaves that let CO₂ in and O₂ out.

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CAM Pathway

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CAM (Crassulacean Acid Metabolism). An adaptation some plants use to store CO₂ at night for daytime photosynthesis.

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Cellular Respiration

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Process where cells break down food (carbon compounds) to make energy or ATP.

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Pyruvic Acid

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A 3-carbon molecule formed during glycolysis, important in cellular respiration.