Macromolecules

Front

What are the four main types of macromolecules found in living organisms?

Back

Carbohydrates, Proteins, Lipids, Nucleic Acids.

Front

What elements make up proteins?

Back

Carbon (C), Hydrogen (H), Oxygen (O), and Nitrogen (N).

Front

What is the primary function of carbohydrates in living organisms?

Back

To provide energy and serve as structural components.

Front

What are lipids primarily used for in cells?

Back

Energy storage, forming cell membranes, and signaling.

Front

What is the structure of a phospholipid?

Back

A hydrophilic (water-attracting) head and two hydrophobic (water-repelling) tails.

Front

What are nucleic acids and what are their two main types?

Back

Nucleic acids are macromolecules that store and transmit genetic information. The two main types are DNA and RNA.

Front

What role do enzymes play in biological processes?

Back

Enzymes act as catalysts to speed up chemical reactions in the body.

Front

What is the monomer unit of proteins?

Back

Amino acids.

Front

How do the structures of DNA and RNA differ?

Back

DNA is double-stranded and contains deoxyribose sugar, while RNA is single-stranded and contains ribose sugar.

Front

What is the function of proteins in the cell?

Back

Proteins perform a variety of functions including catalyzing reactions, providing structure, and facilitating communication.