pH, Acids, & Bases

Front

What is the pH scale and what does it measure?

Back

The pH scale measures the acidity or basicity of a solution, ranging from 0 (very acidic) to 14 (very basic), with 7 being neutral.

Front

What is the definition of an acid?

Back

An acid is a substance that donates protons (H⁺ ions) in a solution and has a pH less than 7.

Front

What is the definition of a base?

Back

A base is a substance that accepts protons (H⁺ ions) or donates hydroxide ions (OH^-) in a solution and has a pH greater than 7.

Front

What is neutralization in the context of acids and bases?

Back

Neutralization is the chemical reaction between a strong acid and a strong base that produces water and salt.

Front

What are some common properties of acids?

Back

Common properties of acids include a sour taste, the ability to react with metals, and a pH below 7.

Front

What are some common properties of bases?

Back

Common properties of bases include a bitter taste, slippery feel, and a pH above 7.

Front

What is the significance of hydronium ions (H₃O⁺) in acidic solutions?

Back

Hydronium ions indicate the presence of acidity in a solution; an acidic solution has a higher concentration of hydronium ions than hydroxide ions.

Front

What is the pH of pure water?

Back

The pH of pure water is 7, which is considered neutral.

Front

How does the concentration of H⁺ ions relate to pH?

Back

The pH is inversely related to the concentration of H⁺ ions; as the concentration of H⁺ increases, the pH decreases.

Front

What is the average pH range of apple cider?

Back

The average pH range of apple cider is between 3.1 and 4.1, indicating it is acidic.