Protein Synthesis

Front

What is Protein Synthesis?

Back

The process by which cells generate new proteins, involving transcription and translation.

Front

Where does transcription occur in a cell?

Back

Transcription occurs in the nucleus.

Front

Why is transcription necessary for protein synthesis?

Back

Transcription is necessary because DNA cannot leave the nucleus, and RNA must be synthesized to carry the genetic information to the ribosome.

Front

What is the role of mRNA in protein synthesis?

Back

mRNA (messenger RNA) carries the genetic information from DNA to the ribosome for protein synthesis.

Front

What is the function of tRNA in protein synthesis?

Back

tRNA (transfer RNA) brings amino acids to the ribosome and matches them to the codons on the mRNA.

Front

What is a codon?

Back

A codon is a sequence of three nucleotides on mRNA that corresponds to a specific amino acid.

Front

How many nucleotides make up a codon?

Back

Three nucleotides.

Front

What is the start codon for protein synthesis?

Back

The start codon is AUG, which codes for the amino acid methionine.

Front

What is the end codon in protein synthesis?

Back

The end codon (stop codon) signals the termination of translation and does not code for an amino acid.

Front

What is the relationship between codons and amino acids?

Back

Each codon corresponds to a specific amino acid, and a sequence of codons determines the sequence of amino acids in a protein.