Biology EOC Review P2

Front

What makes up the sides of a DNA ladder?

Back

Sugars and phosphates.

Front

What are the components of a nucleotide?

Back

A phosphate, sugar, and nitrogenous base.

Front

What is the function of the centromere in a chromosome?

Back

The centromere is the region of a chromosome where the two sister chromatids are joined and where the spindle fibers attach during cell division.

Front

How many chromosomes do fruit fly daughter cells have after mitosis if they originally have 8 chromosomes?

Back

8 chromosomes.

Front

What is a nitrogenous base?

Back

A nitrogenous base is a component of nucleotides in DNA and RNA, which includes adenine, thymine, cytosine, guanine, and uracil.

Front

What are the four nitrogenous bases found in DNA?

Back

Adenine (A), Thymine (T), Cytosine (C), and Guanine (G).

Front

What is the role of sugars in the structure of DNA?

Back

Sugars (deoxyribose in DNA) form the backbone of the DNA structure, linking with phosphates to create the sides of the DNA ladder.

Front

What is the difference between mitosis and meiosis?

Back

Mitosis results in two identical daughter cells, while meiosis results in four genetically diverse gametes.

Front

What is the significance of the double helix structure of DNA?

Back

The double helix structure allows for the efficient storage of genetic information and the accurate replication of DNA during cell division.

Front

What is the process of DNA replication?

Back

DNA replication is the process by which a cell makes an identical copy of its DNA before cell division.