Quantum numbers

Front

What are quantum numbers?

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Quantum numbers are a set of numerical values that describe the unique quantum state of an electron in an atom. They include the principal quantum number (n), azimuthal quantum number (l), magnetic quantum number (m), and spin quantum number (s).

Front

What does the principal quantum number (n) represent?

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The principal quantum number (n) represents the energy level of an electron in an atom and can take positive integer values (1, 2, 3, ...).

Front

What does the azimuthal quantum number (l) indicate?

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The azimuthal quantum number (l) indicates the shape of the orbital and can take integer values from 0 to (n-1). Each value of l corresponds to a specific type of orbital (s, p, d, f).

Front

What are the possible values of the azimuthal quantum number (l) for n=3?

Back

For n=3, the possible values of l are 0 (s), 1 (p), 2 (d).

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What does the magnetic quantum number (m) represent?

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The magnetic quantum number (m) represents the orientation of the orbital in space and can take integer values from -l to +l, including zero.

Front

What is the range of values for the magnetic quantum number (m) when l=2?

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When l=2, the possible values for m are -2, -1, 0, +1, +2.

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What does the spin quantum number (s) indicate?

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The spin quantum number (s) indicates the intrinsic spin of the electron and can take values of +1/2 or -1/2.

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What is the correct notation for an electron with quantum numbers n=4, l=2?

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The correct notation for an electron with quantum numbers n=4 and l=2 is 4d.

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What is the significance of the quantum numbers in determining the electron configuration of an atom?

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Quantum numbers are essential for determining the electron configuration of an atom, which describes the distribution of electrons among the available orbitals.

Front

What quantum numbers correspond to the valence electron of 4s1?

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The quantum numbers corresponding to the valence electron of 4s1 are n=4, l=0, m=0, s=+1/2.