Unit 2 Test Review

Front

What is specific gravity and how is it calculated?

Back

Specific gravity is the ratio of the density of a substance to the density of water. It is calculated by dividing the density of the mineral by the density of water.

Front

What is the geosphere?

Back

The geosphere is the solid part of the Earth, including the crust and the upper mantle, where carbon is stored in the form of carbonate rocks.

Front

What is a transformation process in geology?

Back

A transformation process refers to a change in the state or form of a geological material, such as the melting of metamorphic rock into magma.

Front

How does volcanic activity affect Earth's temperature?

Back

Volcanic activity can decrease temperatures by releasing ash and gases that reflect sunlight back into space.

Front

True or False: Almost all of the energy in Earth's interior was gained during the formation of the solar system. Explain your answer.

Back

False. While some energy was gained during the formation of the solar system, additional heat is generated by radioactive decay and other processes.

Front

What is the role of water in mineral identification?

Back

Water is used to calculate specific gravity, which helps in identifying minerals based on their density.

Front

Define density in the context of minerals.

Back

Density is the mass of a mineral per unit volume, typically expressed in grams per cubic centimeter (g/cm³).

Front

What are carbonate rocks and where are they found?

Back

Carbonate rocks are sedimentary rocks composed primarily of carbonate minerals, such as limestone and dolomite, and are found in the geosphere.

Front

What is the significance of the melting of metamorphic rock?

Back

The melting of metamorphic rock is significant as it transforms the rock into magma, which can lead to the formation of igneous rocks.

Front

How do volcanic eruptions influence climate?

Back

Volcanic eruptions can influence climate by injecting ash and sulfur dioxide into the atmosphere, which can lead to temporary cooling.