Neuron Structure

Front

What is the function of dendrites in a neuron?

Back

Dendrites receive signals from other neurons and transmit them to the cell body.

Front

What are axon terminals and what role do they play in neuron communication?

Back

Axon terminals are the endpoints of an axon where neurotransmitters are released to communicate with other neurons.

Front

What is the role of Schwann cells in the nervous system?

Back

Schwann cells produce the myelin sheath that insulates axons, facilitating faster transmission of nerve impulses.

Front

Define synapse in the context of neuron communication.

Back

A synapse is the tiny gap between neurons where nerve impulses are transmitted from one neuron to another.

Front

What are astrocytes and what functions do they serve in the brain?

Back

Astrocytes are a type of neuroglia that produce scar tissue in the brain and spinal cord and contribute to the blood-brain barrier.

Front

What is the myelin sheath and why is it important?

Back

The myelin sheath is a fatty layer that surrounds axons, increasing the speed of electrical impulses along the nerve.

Front

Explain the difference between neurons and neuroglia.

Back

Neurons are the primary signaling cells in the nervous system, while neuroglia support and protect neurons.

Front

What is the role of neurotransmitters in neuron communication?

Back

Neurotransmitters are chemical messengers that transmit signals across the synapse from one neuron to another.

Front

How do action potentials travel along an axon?

Back

Action potentials travel along an axon through a process of depolarization and repolarization, facilitated by the myelin sheath.

Front

What is the significance of the blood-brain barrier?

Back

The blood-brain barrier protects the brain from harmful substances in the bloodstream while allowing essential nutrients to pass.