Unit 1 Age of Revolutions

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John Locke

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An English philosopher and physician, widely regarded as one of the most influential of Enlightenment thinkers and commonly known for Natural Rights. Life, Liberty, Property.

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Jean Jacques Rousseau

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A Genevan philosopher, writer, and composer whose political philosophy influenced the progress of the Enlightenment throughout Europe, as well as aspects of the French Revolution.

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Mary Wollstonecraft

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An English writer, philosopher, and advocate of women's rights, best known for 'A Vindication of the Rights of Woman'.

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Voltaire

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A French Enlightenment writer, historian, and philosopher famous for his wit, his criticism of Christianity, and his advocacy of freedom of speech, separation of church and state, and freedom of religion.

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Baron de Montesquieu

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A French political philosopher who is famous for his theory of separation of powers, which is implemented in many constitutions throughout the world.

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Wilber Wilberforce

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A British politician, philanthropist, and a leader of the movement to abolish the slave trade.

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Divine Rights

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The doctrine that kings and queens have a God-given right to rule and that rebellion against them is a sin.

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Guillotine

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A device used during the French Revolution for beheading people.

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Estates General

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An assembly of representatives from all three estates in pre-revolutionary France: the clergy, the nobility, and the common people.

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Monarchy

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A form of government with a monarch at the head.