Pedigree

Front

What does a filled in square represent?

Back

Affected Male

Answer explanation

A filled in square in a pedigree chart indicates an affected male. This means that the individual represented by the square has the condition being studied, distinguishing them from unaffected males, who are not filled in.

Front

How many generations are shown in this pedigree?

Back

4

Answer explanation

The pedigree shows four distinct generations, which can be identified by the different levels of family members. Therefore, the correct answer is 4.

Front

How many kids did the mother and father from the first generation have?

Back

4

Answer explanation

The mother and father from the first generation had a total of 4 kids, which is the correct answer among the options provided.

Front

This pedigree represents the inheritance of hemophilia in this family. How many of the females have the hemophilia trait?

Back

2

Answer explanation

In the pedigree, only 2 females are affected by hemophilia, indicated by filled circles. The other females are either unaffected or carriers, confirming that the correct answer is 2.

Front

What do half colored symbols represent?

Back

The individual is a carrier (heterozygous).

Answer explanation

Half colored symbols indicate that the individual is a carrier (heterozygous), meaning they possess one dominant and one recessive allele for a trait, but do not express the trait themselves.

Front

What does an open circle represent?

Back

Not Affected Female

Answer explanation

An open circle in a pedigree chart indicates a female who is not affected by the condition being studied. Therefore, the correct answer is 'Not Affected Female'.

Front

Is this trait (the shaded individuals) dominant or recessive?

Back

recessive

Answer explanation

The shaded individuals represent a recessive trait because they appear only when two recessive alleles are present. In a dominant-recessive relationship, the dominant trait would mask the recessive one, preventing the shaded phenotype from appearing.

Front

In the second generation, how many people are carriers of the trait?

Back

3

Answer explanation

In the second generation, 3 individuals are carriers of the trait. This indicates that they possess one copy of the recessive allele, making them carriers without expressing the trait themselves.

Front

How many people in this whole pedigree have the trait/disease?

Back

4

Answer explanation

In the pedigree, 4 individuals exhibit the trait/disease. This includes both affected individuals and carriers, confirming that the correct answer is 4.

Front

How many females are in this pedigree?

Back

7

Answer explanation

In the pedigree, count all the female symbols (usually circles). There are 7 females represented, making the correct answer 7.