Essential and Helpful Vocabulary of Ancient Rome and Greece

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Roman Republic

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A type of government where citizens elect representatives to make decisions.

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Senate

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The most powerful part of the Roman government responsible for proposing laws, managing foreign affairs, and supervising finances.

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Tribunes

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Officials with the power to veto laws that harmed the common people.

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Checks and Balances

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A system to ensure no one person or group gains too much power.

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Legislative Branch

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The part of government that proposes laws.

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Executive Branch

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The officials responsible for enforcing laws.

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Judicial Branch

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Citizens who approved laws and voted for leaders.

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Citizenship (Roman)

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The rights and responsibilities held by individuals in the Roman Republic, including voting, holding office, and serving in the military.

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Democracy

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A system of government where citizens vote directly on laws (Athenian democracy).

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Oligarchy

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A system where power is concentrated in the hands of a few (Spartan oligarchy).