Federalism

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powers that can be exercised by the National Government alone

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exclusive powers

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Constitutional stipulation that all citizens are entitled, regardless of their State of residence, to the right that no State can draw unreasonable distinctions between its own residents and persons who live in another State.

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Privileges and Immunities Clause

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Constitutional requirement that each State accept the public acts, records, and judicial proceedings of every other State

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Full Faith and Credit Clause

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formal agreement entered into with the consent of Congress between or among States, or between a State and a foreign state

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interstate compact

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Delegated powers of the National Government spelled out specifically in the Constitution.

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expressed powers

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Powers expressed or implied, granted to the National Government by the Constitution.

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delegated powers

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Delegated powers that are “necessary and proper” to carry out the expressed powers.

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implied powers

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powers the Constitution does not grant to the National Government and does not, at the same time, deny to the States

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reserved powers

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Powers both the National Government and the States possess and exercise.

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concurrent powers

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What does the Constitution require the National Government to guarantee?

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A republican form of government to each State.