European Exploration and Discoveries

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What were the 3 reasons for European exploration?

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Gold - increase wealth & riches; God - spread Christianity; Glory - fame and expand empire

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Bartolomeu Dias

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Portuguese explorer. He was the first European to sail to the Cape of Good Hope (bottom of Africa) in 1488.

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Vasco Da Gama

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Portuguese explorer. He was the first European to sail from Europe to India and set up important sea trade routes.

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Christopher Columbus

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Explorer from Spain who "discovered" the Americas/New World while looking for a sea route to Asia in 1492. He established the first colony in the Americas and was a brutal leader to the Native people.

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Henry Hudson

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English explorer who explored North America. Hudson River and Hudson Bay were named after him.

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Caravel

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A ship that used triangular sails and could sail against the wind, making it faster and easier.

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Compass

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Navigational instrument for finding directions, needle always pointed North.

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Astrolabe

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An instrument used by sailors to determine their location by observing the position of the stars and planets.

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What was the Columbian Exchange?

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The exchange of plants, animals, diseases, technologies, and ideas between the Old World (Africa, Asia, Europe) and New World (Americas) following Columbus's voyages.

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Impact of the Columbian Exchange

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Had both positive and negative impacts. Positive: plants and animal exchange led to a population boom and exchanging of ideas. Negative: destroyed indigenous culture and led to widespread death of Native Americans.