Plant and Animal Cells Review

Front

Contains chlorophyll (green pigment) and uses the sun to make food

Back

chloroplast

Answer explanation

Chloroplasts are the organelles in plant cells that contain chlorophyll, the green pigment. They capture sunlight and use it to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose through photosynthesis, making them essential for food production.

Front

Controls movement of materials in and out of the cell, maintains homeostasis

Back

cell membrane

Answer explanation

The cell membrane controls the movement of materials in and out of the cell and is essential for maintaining homeostasis, making it the correct answer. The cell wall provides structure, while chloroplasts and cytoplasm have different functions.

Front

"power house" of the cell - converts sugar into energy

Back

mitochondrion

Answer explanation

The mitochondrion is known as the "powerhouse" of the cell because it converts sugar into energy through cellular respiration, making it essential for energy production in cells.

Front

Fluid-filled sacs that store food

Back

vacuoles

Answer explanation

Vacuoles are fluid-filled sacs in cells that store nutrients, waste products, and other materials. They play a crucial role in maintaining cell turgor and storing food, making them the correct answer for this question.

Front

the brain of the cell

Back

nucleus

Answer explanation

The nucleus is often referred to as the "brain of the cell" because it contains the cell's genetic material and controls its activities, including growth, metabolism, and reproduction.

Front

What is #3 in the diagram?

Back

nucleus

Answer explanation

#3 in the diagram refers to the nucleus, which is the control center of the cell containing genetic material. The other options, such as vacuoles, cell membrane, and chloroplast, serve different functions.

Front

Plants perform photosynthesis through this organelle. It captures energy from the sun and uses it to produce food for the cell.

Back

Chloroplasts

Answer explanation

Chloroplasts are the organelles in plants that capture sunlight and convert it into chemical energy through photosynthesis, producing food for the cell. The other options do not perform this function.

Front

Which organelle contains the cell's DNA, or the genes?

Back

Nucleus

Answer explanation

The nucleus is the organelle that contains the cell's DNA, which holds the genetic information necessary for cell function and reproduction. Other organelles like mitochondria and chloroplasts have their own DNA, but the nucleus is the primary location for genetic material.

Front

Which organelle in plant cells forms photosynthesis, or produces food for the plant?

Back

chloroplast

Answer explanation

The chloroplast is the organelle in plant cells responsible for photosynthesis, where it converts sunlight into chemical energy, producing food for the plant. The nucleus, cytoplasm, and mitochondria have different functions.

Front

What is the function of the cell membrane?

Back

allows water and nutrient to enter and leave the cell

Answer explanation

The cell membrane regulates what enters and exits the cell, allowing water and nutrients to pass through while keeping harmful substances out. This is essential for maintaining homeostasis and proper cell function.