Chp 2: Mathematical Statements and Reasoning

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biconditional statement

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A statement that combines a conditional statement and its converse, typically expressed in the form 'p if and only if q'.

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conclusion

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The statement that follows from the premises in a logical argument.

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conditional statement

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A statement that can be written in the form 'if p, then q'.

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conjecture

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A conclusion or proposition based on incomplete information, which is yet to be proven.

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contrapositive

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The statement formed by negating both the hypothesis and conclusion of a conditional statement and reversing them.

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converse

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The statement formed by reversing the hypothesis and conclusion of a conditional statement.

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counterexample

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An example that disproves a statement or proposition.

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deductive reasoning

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A logical process in which a conclusion follows necessarily from the premises.

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equivalent statements

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Statements that are logically the same.

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flowchart proof (flow proof)

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A type of proof that uses a diagram to show the logical flow of an argument.