Biochemistry Terms

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Monosaccharide

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A simple sugar that is the most basic form of carbohydrates (contains C, H, & O).

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Disaccharide

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A carbohydrate composed of two monosaccharides (contains C, H, & O).

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Polysaccharide

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A carbohydrate composed of a chain of monosaccharides (contains C, H, & O).

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Lipid

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Chains of fatty acids that include fats, waxes, and fat-soluble vitamins (contains C, H, & O)

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Triglyceride

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A type of fatty acid that can join together to make lipids

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Monomer

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A molecule that can be bonded to other identical molecules to form a polymer.

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Polymer

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A large molecule composed of many repeated subunits (monomers).

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Polypeptide

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A polymer of amino acids joined together by peptide bonds.

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Amino acid

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Organic monomers that combine to form proteins (contains C, H, O, & N).

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Hydrolysis

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A chemical process that splits a carbohydrates into sugars by adding water.