M5 phonological disorders

Front

What is phonology?  

Back

study of speech sound system & rules to govern how sounds are organized to form syllables an words in a language.

Front

What is phonotactics?  

Back

1. the study of the rules governing the possible phoneme sequences in a language.

Front

Classification of phonemes  

Back

• Consonants: Airflow is partially or completely cut off when producing the sound.

• Vowels: Airflow is unobstructed when producing the sound.

Front

Classification of consonatnts

Back

place: used to produce the sounds

manner: airflow from the lungs to the oral or
nasal cavity is affected by the position of the articulators

voice: whether or not our vocal cords are vibrating when
we produce a sound/phoneme

Front

Explain phonological processes  

Back

patterns of sound errors that children use to simplify speech as they learn to talk.

Phonological processes can be categorized into three types: syllable structure, substitution, and assimilation.

ex:glidding stoppping, backing

Front

What is a phonological impairment?  

Back

-a speech sound disorder that affects a person's ability to use sounds appropriately for their age

-Backing

• -Initial consonant deletion

• -Glottal replacement

Front

Atypical process

Back

are simplification patterns
(rules) NOT found in speech and language development. When a child uses
“atypical patterns” more than 10% of the time when speaking, this is a red flag
for phonological impairment/disorder

Front

Typical phonological processes  

Back

are simplification patterns (rules) that young
children would be expected to use when developing speech and language.
These patterns typically disappear by the age of 4

Front

Common Typical Phonological Processes:

Back

● Pre-vocalic Voicing - “gup” for “cup,”
● Final Consonant Devoicing - “pik” for “pig,”
● Final Consonant Deletion - “do” for “dog,”
Velar Fronting - “tar” for “car,”
● Palatal Fronting - sh, ch, j, zh
● Weak Syllable Deletion - “tefone” for “telephone,”

Consonant Cluster Reduction -Example: “ty” for “try,” “
● Gliding of Liquids - “wed” for “red,”
● Stopping - “finger” for “tinger,”

Front

Atypical Phonological Processes types

Back

Initial Consonant Deletion - “at” for “hat,”
● Medial Consonant Deletion -“bu-er” for “butter”
● Backing - “cop” for “top,”
● Vowel Errors