A galaxy that does not have a distinct regular shape, unlike a spiral or an elliptical galaxy.

The galaxy that contains our Solar System.

A galaxy characterized by a central bulge and spiral arms.

A unit of measurement equal to the average distance from Earth to the Sun, approximately 93 million miles or 150 million kilometers.

The envelope of gases surrounding a planet or celestial body.

An orbit in the shape of an ellipse, where the central body is at one of the foci.

Planets composed mainly of gases, such as Jupiter and Saturn.

A celestial body moving in an elliptical orbit around a star.

A celestial body that orbits a planet or an artificial object placed in orbit around a planet.

Rocky planets similar to Earth, including Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars.

A force that attracts two bodies toward each other.

The resistance of any physical object to any change in its velocity.

A small rocky body orbiting the Sun, found mainly in the asteroid belt between Mars and Jupiter.

The region of space between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter where most asteroids are found.

The nebulous envelope around the nucleus of a comet.

A celestial object consisting of a nucleus of ice and dust and, when near the sun, a 'tail' of gas and dust particles pointing away from the sun.

A region of the solar system beyond the orbit of Neptune, believed to contain many comets, asteroids, and other small bodies made largely of ice.

A small body of matter from outer space that enters the Earth's atmosphere, becoming incandescent as a result of friction and appearing as a streak of light.

A meteor that survives its passage through the Earth's atmosphere and lands on the Earth's surface.

A small particle from a comet or asteroid orbiting the Sun.

The solid, central part of a comet, composed of ice and dust.

A theoretical cloud of predominantly icy planetesimals proposed to surround the Sun at a distance far beyond the orbits of the outermost planets.

The stream of gas and dust particles trailing behind a comet.

Newton's law stating that every particle attracts every other particle in the universe with a force that is directly proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between their centers.

A model that describes the formation of the solar system from a large cloud of gas and dust.

An imaginary sphere of arbitrarily large radius, concentric with the observer, on which all celestial objects are considered to lie.

Astronomy Concepts Flashcards

Student preview

33 questions

Show all answers

1.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

Big Bang

Back

A theory that explains the origin of the universe as a massive expansion from a singular point.

2.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

Geocentric Model

Back

An astronomical model that places Earth at the center of the universe.

3.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

Heliocentric Model

Back

An astronomical model that places the Sun at the center of the solar system.

4.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

Solar System

Back

The collection of eight planets and their moons in orbit around the Sun, along with smaller bodies such as asteroids, meteoroids, and comets.

5.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

Universe

Back

All existing matter and space considered as a whole; the cosmos.

6.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

Elliptical Galaxy

Back

A type of galaxy having an ellipsoidal shape and a smooth, nearly featureless brightness profile.

7.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

Galaxy

Back

A massive, gravitationally bound system consisting of stars, stellar remnants, interstellar gas, dust, and dark matter.

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