Key Concepts in Mathematics and Data

Front

Zero Property of Multiplication

Back

Any number multiplied by 0 equals 0.

Front

Identity Property of Addition

Back

Adding 0 to any number results in the number itself.

Front

Commutative Property

Back

The order of addition or multiplication does not affect the result (e.g., a + b = b + a).

Front

Associative Property

Back

The grouping of numbers does not affect the sum or product (e.g., (a + b) + c = a + (b + c)).

Front

Distributive Property

Back

a(b + c) = ab + ac; allows multiplication over addition.

Front

Primary Data

Back

Data collected firsthand by the researcher.

Front

Secondary Data

Back

Data collected by someone else, such as census data.

Front

Quantitative Data

Back

Numerical data that can be measured (e.g., height, weight).

Front

Qualitative Data

Back

Descriptive data that cannot be measured numerically (e.g., colors, opinions).

Front

Mean

Back

The average of a data set, calculated by summing all elements and dividing by the number of elements.