Psychology Learning Concepts

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Classical Conditioning

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A learning process that occurs when two stimuli are repeatedly paired.

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Neutral Stimulus (NS)

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A stimulus that initially produces no specific response other than focusing attention.

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Unconditioned Stimulus (UCS)

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A stimulus that unconditionally, naturally, and automatically triggers a response.

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Unconditioned Response (UCR)

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An unlearned response that occurs naturally in reaction to the unconditioned stimulus.

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Conditioned Stimulus (CS)

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A previously neutral stimulus that, after becoming associated with the unconditioned stimulus, eventually comes to trigger a conditioned response.

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Conditioned Response (CR)

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The learned response to the previously neutral stimulus.

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Generalization

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The tendency to respond in the same way to different but similar stimuli.

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Discrimination

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The ability to perceive and respond to differences among stimuli.

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Extinction

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The gradual weakening of a conditioned response that results in the behavior decreasing or disappearing.

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Operant Conditioning

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A method of learning that occurs through rewards and punishments for behavior.